Simon Willison’s Weblog

I don't know how important it is to differentiate, but it's definately important to understand the difference between the two. GET can be bookmarked, and POST can't be. This is a big thing if you're using search boxes and things like that. I generally make sure that all search boxes are GET and anything that's more "formish" is treated as a POST.

petrilli - 25th October 2003 04:22 - #

I take advantage of the fact that most sites use CGI when I create browser keywords for their search functions. But I wonder which value would take precedence if the same value was entered in both GET and POST.

Mike - 25th October 2003 04:41 - #

I think it's very important to be able to distinguish between the two. The best example I can think of is that you might want to disable passing users credentials (username/password) as a GET and only allow params like that to be passed via POST.

Rich Manalang - 25th October 2003 05:05 - #

I mean, unless you're sending too much data, I'm not really sure that it's that much more important which method you use; both can be spoofed, so neither is 'secure.' As someone mentioned above, I just use GET when the page needs to be bookmarkeable; otherwise I just use POST (cleaner URLs).

roy - 25th October 2003 05:33 - #

To check the method in Python, use os.environ["REQUEST_METHOD"]. Checking os.environ["CONTENT_LENGTH"] can also be a good idea (alternatively, set cgi.maxlen before parsing the request).

Fredrik Lundh - 25th October 2003 07:21 - #

My only rule: if the data is essential to navigation (like a google search), then Get is what should be chosen. Otherwise use Post. Get data is [typically] displayed in the location bar, so Get is a location only data.

Security wise there is no difference. One can easily find tools that make editing Post data as easy as snipping a URI. Is there something else?

So no, there is no difference, merely a preferance and a logical argument to what is more proper.

Stephen - 25th October 2003 07:36 - #

Using POST-based forms makes it harder for users to bookmark or pass around a query that has their password visible in it. This provides a certain modest amount of security. Similarly, POST data does not appear in web logs, whereas the full GET URL usually does. Given the places that URLs can get logged, POST makes me feel slightly more secure in general (which may be illusory).

In addition, my code tends to check anyways, because if my web pages are all coded one way and someone is feeding me queries the other way it is usually a sign that something bad is being tried. (And when I am using POST deliberately because of the above security issues, I clearly want to reject GET attempts.)

So overall: you should definitely be able to find out from the framework which way the query came in. A paranoid framework can increase security a tiny bit, at the expense of flexibility, by making people do different things in their code for GET versus POST; that way a 'wrong' query type will fail badly, no matter if the application doesn't check.

Chris S - 25th October 2003 09:11 - #

I think it is important to differenciate both.

POSTs are handled differently in the browser, as you can't just "reload" them or bookmark them and the POST data doesn't appear in the browser's history. So a POST is the best option to send creds and to trigger actions (that you'd rather have happen only once).

The rule of the thumb that I use is that POSTs should be used to change the state on the server (DB, Session) or client-side state (cookies) for multi-step operations on stateless servers.

Although I don't know whether it is useful, another difference is that the POST body can be subject to a Content-Type whereas the querystring isn't.
And last, the browser is always in control of the POST body so its format is always the same, whereas you'll find many custom querystring formats on the web.

Dumky - 25th October 2003 09:29 - #

The length of the query string in GET operations is limited to an arbitary length of characters depending on the browser you're using. Also, the encoding formats differ completely. With a POST operation, you can control the MIME-type of all data sent to the server. So you can post binary data, for example.

With REST - based web services GET and POST are different operations alltogether.

These are just off the top of my head... I think there's a strong argument in favor of not throwing both operations together in the name of usability.

Not to mention that the HTTP protocol defines two seperate operations. If your application doesn't change its behaviour depending on the HTTP operation used, just do something along the lines of:

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp){
doPost(req, resp);
}

That's all it should take, really ;-).

Jonas - 25th October 2003 09:33 - #

Use POST if you want to send something to the server. Use GET if you want to receive something from the server.

GET must not have side effects. Anything that does not have side effects should use GET. These are two axioms of Web architecture.

Greg H. - 25th October 2003 09:58 - #

I think that the question Simon is trying to ask is is it useful to be able to distinguish between variables that come in through the query string and variables that come in through the body of a POST request?

I agree that it's important to know the difference between the two when constructing forms, web APIs, etc. However, I can't think of a good reason to be able to distinguish between the two types of variable from the server-side script's perspective.

Even if you attempted to enforce the suggestions of RFC 2616 on the server-side (of dubious value; I think it's better enforced as a matter of practice when constructing the sending forms, etc.), then simply looking at the request method should be enough, surely?

I get the impression that Simon leans towards the differentiating point of view; that's fair enough, and it's surely better to be more flexible than necessary than too rigid to be useful. I'd just like a single example of where it would be useful, and I haven't seen one yet (off to catch up on Web-SIG now!).

Jim Dabell - 25th October 2003 13:23 - #

There may well be security issues that can be avoided by using one method to retrieve POST data and another for GET data but what they might be I couldn't say. Other than that it's just adds an extra layer of complication for the coder doesn't it?

pete - 25th October 2003 13:27 - #

I'm working on a server-side Atom API implementation with python's WebWare and I just love how they manage the get the whole thing working: normally i don't need to distiguish between a POST or GET request so you just override witeContent() method, but when I need to I simple override respondToGet() and respondToPost() Page's method. Sweet.

Atom makes also use of PUT verb, well time to define a respondToPut() then. In this way you get the best of the worlds... Simon, I hope you'll push for this approach in the Python's Web-SIG. ^__^

dee - 25th October 2003 13:44 - #

Re: effbot,

I'm pretty sure that if you send a request such as:

---
POST http://url/cgi-bin/form?hello=1 HTTP/1.0
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-encoded
[... other headers ...]

world=1
---

It's not possible to distinguish from whence the variables came from - which is different than distinguising if it's a POST or GET operation.

Aaron Brady - 25th October 2003 14:58 - #

cgi.parse_qs(os.environ.get("QUERY_STRING", "")) gives you a mapping containing only the URL variables.

Fredrik Lundh - 25th October 2003 15:29 - #

My opinion is a simple one: in case the user wants to get information, such as a list of search results, one should use method="get". If it is about posting information to a webmaster, comments system, etcetera, one should use method="post".

Robbert Broersma - 25th October 2003 15:56 - #

When using PHP I find myself doing this alot:

if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']=='POST')
{
     //use $_POST
}
else
{
     //use $_GET
}

The distinction is already available in the REQUEST_METHOD environment variable, so naming the dictionary differently doesn't really add anything, in my opinion, and in some cases can be downright annoying, like when I don't happen to care what the method is on some pages. In those cases, I have to resort to ugliness like this:

$foo = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']=='POST'?$_POST['foo']:$ _GET['foo']; 
do_something($foo)

There is an extra level of indirection than necessary. What if we had to further clarify each dict with additional information already available in the environment vars like so:

if ($_SERVER['GATEWAY_INTERFACE'] == 'CGI/1.1' && $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] == 'HTTP/1.0')
{
     //use $_POST_CGI11_HTTP10['foo']
}

Patrick Lioi - 25th October 2003 15:58 - #

Patrick, maybe you could use $_REQUEST ?

Daniel Von Fange - 25th October 2003 16:38 - #

I find that forcing people to distinguish between variables passed in via a GET vs. a POST increases brittleness, and closes down some of the potential for turning web apps into ad-hoc web services.

kellan - 26th October 2003 00:16 - #

I'm going to answer with a resounding "sometimes". I sometimes like to be able to see the difference between get and post input. Sometimes I don't care, especially for quick & dirty stuff.

In PHP I always (for all input) use a function I wrote which by default looks for a variable in both the $_POST or $_GET arrays, with $_POST preferred. If you want to limit the search, you can pass in options to restrict the search to one or the other. Works great and is easy to change, for example when something moves from a quick hack to production ;-)

The function also strips out tags, can trim to a given length, return a default value if the variable isn't there etc etc. It's an all purpose sanitizer and means the application can generally trust it's input without having to include specific checks every time.

Julian - 26th October 2003 02:11 - #

I have found it useful to be able to change forms from POST to GET on the fly using a bookmarklet.

POST to GET: Lets you send a Merriam-Webster definition link to someone. (The forms on http://www.m-w.com/ are POST forms).

GET to POST: Once, Asa was doing a simple but very long Bugzilla search, and he get a "URL too long" error. He used a modified version of that bookmarklet to change the form from GET to POST, and the search worked.

Jesse Ruderman - 26th October 2003 09:28 - #

Simon, could you please post a "summary" of this discussion?. Thanks.

ssn - 26th October 2003 13:07 - #

PHP makes available three super globals $_GET, $_POST and $_COOKIES so if you want to access them seperatly you can. There is a fourth super global available $_REQUEST which contains all the values from the _GET, _POST and _COOKIES array. basically all data supplied by the client is available thru _REQUEST. Data is added to this array according to the 'variables_order' php.ini setting by default 'EGPCS' (Environment, Get, Post, Cookie, Built-ins). It is processed left to right with new items overwriting old ones. In my experience it has always been easiest to use _REQUEST, except in some cases where doing user authentication and I've wanted to prevent people passing username and password in the url in which case just use _POST

Adam Ashley - 27th October 2003 04:03 - #

Combining cookies with GET and POST seems weird to me.

Jesse Ruderman - 27th October 2003 08:36 - #

perhaps but the idea behind it was that the _REQUEST array contains all variables retrieved from the client system, and thus is possibly untrust worthy.

which is a much better state of affairs than the old way of ?test=1 becoming the variable $test at the top level of the script

Adam Ashley - 28th October 2003 03:06 - #

the difference between post and get is the letters. the post is p-o-s-t and the get is -g-e-t.

tred - 5th November 2003 07:09 - #

ju9pijujpoiup0ip0

tiuiuguihiu - 2nd December 2003 10:02 - #

ju9pijujpoiup0ip0

tiuiuguihiu - 2nd December 2003 10:03 - #

GET and POST are the 2 difeerent way one is for sending and one is for recieving so these should be used in this way

Apoorv - 5th May 2004 08:14 - #

Both these methods are used to send data from one form to another. I think the only difference between these two are.. 1. Get method does not show the values in the address URL 2. Post method shows all the values in the URL. Security wise Get method is safety. But now-a-days many users use only post method. But I dont know the reason. Any comments????

karthik - 18th May 2004 05:58 - #

alsla sa

Muthla - 15th September 2004 15:41 - #

GET uses querystring. guerystring has limited capacity.

minu - 26th October 2004 12:34 - #

and proxies make strange things witk urls witk special characters

minu - 26th October 2004 12:37 - #

kh

k - 10th January 2005 05:48 - #

my opinion is that POST is a bit secure than GET and one morething i shud stress is GET will remove the querystring so we can preserve the state in that context

Bino - 19th January 2005 10:35 - #

The difference between "get" and "post" is that the former means that form data is to be transfered into a URL by a browser, while the latter means that the form data is to be transferred in an invisible manner, inside the browser's own memory space. To be short, the "get" method is basically for just retrieving data, whereas the "post" method may involve anything, like updating or storing data, ordering a product, or sending electronic mail. Generally speaking, "post" is much more secure when transferring data from one page to another, as it does not include that data inside the url. However, prefer "get" if you have nothing to hide (i.e. email address, visitor logins and passwords, etc. ;)

Ranganathan - 7th April 2005 21:29 - #

If you have to use long urls you can try RUNTURL.com , it creates a short url from a long one also uses 302 Moved Permanently header so it won't hurt search engine rankings

Eugeniu Amarii - 19th January 2006 18:10 - #

okay...this is wat too many posts over a simple topic. POST is for large ammounts of data. such as posting maybe bug tracking reports to a database. IE's uri can only hold like 4026 chars. so just use GET unless your going to be using more than 4000 chars. or use post if you want cleaner URLs. (not a bunch of shit in the address bar) if your worried about security and your your passing passwords in plaintext... (yes even a hash) chances are you dont have a job where security matters that much anyway. Because if someone i worked with made authentication w/o SSL at least...i would probably have to kick them in the face....good night.

charlie - 11th March 2006 02:33 - #

how can debug the php script

vikrant - 31st March 2006 14:19 - #

How if we have links and NOT button? Is GET the only way to pass the data? How to pass the password?

irene - 28th April 2006 08:40 - #

did anyone actually read the question? , reading the comments suggests otherwise...

nicke - 8th May 2006 17:50 - #

It's important to me, occasionally, for reasons other than those stated above.

I sometimes check to see if the method is POST at the beginning of a submission form document. If it is, I try to submit the data to the database, writing errors back to the document. Otherwise, I present the form without data filled in.

This allows me to have one .php file that doubles as both a data submission form and a form action target. So people can quickly submit a series of records without going through the whole "Thank you for your submission. Wait 3 seconds for a redirect." kabuki dance.

jhc - 12th May 2006 03:52 - #

Anybody uses WebSphere Portal ? For example, WebShere Portal has a mechanismo to do single sign-on with thirty party applications.. .It has, however, a curious requirement.... that thirty party application needs to use form based authentication, with a GET method... It does not work if instead of GET; the thirty party application use POST for authentication.... Most of the application I saw so far, are using POST, so I can not integrated them, out of the box, with Single Sign ON.... I never understand why Websphere Portal has that requirement, neither why most of the applications used POST....

Andres - 23rd June 2006 22:35 - #

what script you use to post email or this messages.

alberto - 30th June 2006 21:44 - #

This is good knowledge about get and post. please tell me,how can i hide my data(means that it do not show on url) when i am sending data using post from one page to another page.

Anil Nautiyal - 18th July 2006 09:49 - #

szffffffffffffsssf

zxcc - 19th July 2006 08:55 - #

set the method POST and action in which page you want to wrok with the values of the 1st page .The values does not be shown on URL because on POST method the values goes thrue encrypted .

sujoy - 19th July 2006 08:59 - #

Please Create a forrum on Sssion And Cookies.

kutu - 19th July 2006 09:11 - #

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kg - 28th July 2006 05:56 - #

From my xp, GET can be manipulated on the address bar, which is fine, unless you're using it for SQL queries, then it's a bad security flaw. Unfortunately when using POST, one can't hit the BACK button on the browser without it either crapping out in IE or bitching about it in Firefox...

pRtkL xLr8r - 26th August 2006 03:41 - #

I determine the differnce between POST and GET to do simple checks on queries and data hitting my site. I also determine if a user has a session cookie set when posting data, as otherwise (allowing cookie sessions only) there is no session and the user's data cannot be remembered. I tend not to allow GET save for static links

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sara freder - 2nd October 2006 20:41 - #